Ben Carson is a retired neurosurgeon credited with being the first surgeon to successfully separate twins conjoined at the head. He had a successful career as a professor of neurosurgery, oncology, plastic surgery, and pediatrics at Johns Hopkins University, and at age 33 was the youngest major division director in university history. In 2013, Carson decided to retire from medicine “at the top of his game” and entire politics. He is a 2008 recipient of the Presidential Media of Freedom, and in 2010 was elected to the National Academy of Sciences. Carson still writes and speaks extensively on neurology and other medical issues.